Researchers at the MIT Media Laboratory are developing a prototype of a new wearable device NailO that turns the user’s thumbnail into a miniature wireless track pad.
The device was inspired by the colorful stickers that some women apply to their nails. “It’s a cosmetic product, popular in Asian countries,” says Cindy Hsin-Liu Kao, an MIT graduate student in media arts and sciences.
The technology could let users control wireless devices when their hands are full — answering the phone while cooking, for instance. It could also augment other interfaces, allowing someone texting on a cellphone, say, to toggle between symbol sets without interrupting his or her typing. Finally, it could enable subtle communication in circumstances that require it, such as sending a quick text to a child while attending an important meeting.
The commercial version of the device would have a detachable membrane on its surface, so that users could coordinate surface patterns with their outfits. Capacitive sensing is used— the same kind of sensing the iPhone’s touch screen relies on — to register touch, since it can tolerate a thin, nonactive layer between the user’s finger and the underlying sensors.
As the site for a wearable input device, however, the thumbnail has other advantages: It’s a hard surface with no nerve endings, so a device affixed to it wouldn’t impair movement or cause discomfort. And it’s easily accessed by the other fingers — even when the user is holding something in his or her hand.
“It’s very unobtrusive,” Kao explains. “When I put this on, it becomes part of my body. I have the power to take it off, so it still gives you control over it. But it allows this very close connection to your body.”
To build their prototype, the researchers needed to find a way to pack capacitive sensors, a battery, and three separate chips — a microcontroller, a Bluetooth radio chip, and a capacitive-sensing chip — into a space no larger than a thumbnail. “The hardest part was probably the antenna design,” says Artem Dementyev, a graduate student in media arts and sciences. “You have to put the antenna far enough away from the chips so that it doesn’t interfere with them.”
For their initial prototype, the researchers built their sensors by printing copper electrodes on sheets of flexible polyester, which allowed them to experiment with a range of different electrode layouts. But in ongoing experiments, they’re using off-the-shelf sheets of electrodes like those found in some track pads.
They’ve also been in discussion with battery manufacturers — traveling to China to meet with several of them — and have identified a technology that they think could yield a battery that fits in the space of a thumbnail, but is only half a millimeter thick. A special-purpose chip that combines the functions of the microcontroller, radio, and capacitive sensor would further save space.
In the Newspaper, the researchers also report the results of a usability study that compared different techniques for turning it off and on. They found that requiring surface contact with the operator’s finger for just two or three seconds was enough to guard against inadvertent activation and deactivation.
The researchers will be presenting the paper next week at the Association for Computing Machinery’s Computer-Human Interaction conference in Seoul, South Korea.
