For quantum optical technologies to become more practical, there is a need for large-scale integration of quantum photonic circuits on chips.
This integration calls for scaling up key building blocks of these circuits – sources of particles of light – produced by single quantum optical emitters.
Purdue University engineers created a new machine learning-assisted method that could make quantum photonic circuit development more efficient by rapidly preselecting these solid-state quantum emitters.
The work is published in the journal Advanced Quantum Technologies.
Researchers around the world have been exploring different ways to fabricate identical quantum sources by “transplanting” nanostructures containing single quantum optical emitters into conventional photonic chips.
With the growing interest in scalable realization and rapid prototyping of quantum devices that utilize large emitter arrays, high-speed, robust preselection of suitable emitters becomes necessary.
Quantum emitters produce light with unique, non-classical properties that can be used in many quantum information protocols.
The challenge is that interfacing most solid-state quantum emitters with existing scalable photonic platforms requires complex integration techniques. Before integrating, engineers need to first identify bright emitters that produce single photons rapidly, on-demand and with a specific optical frequency.
Emitter preselection based on “single-photon purity” – which is the ability to produce only one photon at a time – typically takes several minutes for each emitter. Thousands of emitters may need to be analyzed before finding a high-quality candidate suitable for quantum chip integration.
To speed up screening based on single-photon purity, Purdue researchers trained a machine to recognize promising patterns in single-photon emission within a split second.
According to the researchers, rapidly finding the purest single-photon emitters within a set of thousands would be a key step toward practical and scalable assembly of large quantum photonic circuits.
The researchers found that the conventional photon purity measurement method used for the same task took 100 times longer to reach the same level of accuracy.
The machine learning approach is such a versatile and efficient technique because it is capable of extracting the information from the dataset that the fitting procedure usually ignores.
The researchers believe that their approach has the potential to dramatically advance most quantum optical measurements that can be formulated as binary or multiclass classification problems.
This technique could speed up super-resolution microscopy methods built on higher-order correlation measurements that are currently limited by long image acquisition times.
News Source: Purdue University
